Fluorite ore and Fluorite flotation process

Fluorite ore and Fluorite flotation process

Fluorite whose chemical composition is CaF2, is commonly associated with quartz, calcite, barite and clay.Fluorite is mainly used in metallurgical industry as slag flux for steel smelting, and fluorite is used in chemical industry to produce hydrofluoric acid and fluoride.Fluorite is also an important raw material for plastics, ceramics, cement and other industries.The quality standard of fluorite concentrate is generally divided into metallurgical grade according to its final use: CaF2 80% ~ 85%, SiO2 5%, CaCO3 4% ~ 5%, PbS 0.7%;Ceramic grade: CaF2 95%, SiO2 3%, CaCO3 1.0%, Fe2O3 0.12%;Acid level: CaF2 97%, SiO2 1.0%, CaCO3 1.0%.

Fluorite is not only the main mineral of mineral deposits, but also the associated mineral of metal deposits, especially lead and zinc deposits.Fluorite deposits are classified into quartz - fluorite deposits, carbonate - fluorite deposits and polymetallic fluorite deposits.The world's largest fluorite deposit is in South Africa's Transvaal province.

The main problem of fluorite flotation process is the separation from symbiotic gangue (quartz, calcite, barite, etc.).There is also the problem of separation from some sulfide, according to different condition, the flotation method is also different:

For fluorite containing sulfide ore, it is common to surface the sulfide ore with xanthate collector, and then flotation fluorite with fatty acid collector. Sometimes in the flotation, a small amount of sulfide mineral inhibitor (such as cyanide) is added to suppress the residual sulfide mineral, so as to ensure the quality of fluorite concentrate.

For the separation of fluorite from barite and calcite, oleic acid is generally used as the collector to surface fluorite. In the flotation of fluorite with oleic acid as the collector, a small amount of aluminum salt is added to activate fluorite and dextrin is added to inhibit barite and calcite.
The tannin extract and lignosulfonate are effective in inhibiting the complex fluorite minerals which contains more calcite, limestone and dolomite.

Separation of fluorite and quartz, collecting fluorite with fatty acids, sodium silicate as silica inhibitor, sodium carbonate slurry pH adjustment for 8 ~ 9 ° .Dosage of sodium silicate to control well, when a small amount of, fluorite can be activated, the inhibitory effect of quartz is not enough, when a glut of, fluorite also can be inhibitted , in order to add small dosage of sodium silicate , and also achieve the inhibition strengthens of the quartz gangue, often at the same time of adding sodium silicate, add a polyvalent metal ion (e.g., Fe3 +, Al3 +) and alum and aluminium sulphate, etc.In addition, the addition of Cr3+ and Zn2+ ions also had an effect, which inhibited not only quartz but also calcite.

The separation of fluorite and barite is usually carried out by mixing and flotation of fluorite and barite, followed by separation. In the process of mixed flotation, oleic acid is used as collector and sodium silicate is used as inhibitor.
(1) using dextrin or tannin as inhibitors to inhibit barite and oleic acid for floatation of fluorite;
(2) hydroxyl sulfuric acid fat was used to flotation barite, and fluorite concentrate was left in the flotation tank.


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